ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Planera aquatica
 
 
 CLASS:    DICOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    UTRICALES
 FAMILY:   ULMACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Planera aquatica
 AUTHORITY:  (Walt.) J.F. Gmel.
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    PLANER TREE
    WATER ELM
 
 SYNONOMY:   None
 
 PLANTS CODE: PLAQ
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     FOREST
       FLOODPLAIN FOREST
         WET
     WETLAND
       SWAMP
         TYPICAL SWAMP
 
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:
     SOUTHERN
        Bottomland
           listed
           Baldcypress - Water Tupelo
           Water Tupelo
 
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:
     Coastal Plain
        Bottomlands
        listed
 
 COUNTIES:
   ALEXANDER       JOHNSON         MASSAC          POPE            PULASKI
 
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Dicot-woody
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Primary
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:   Alternate
    LEAF TYPE:   Simple
    LEAF MARGIN:   Serrate
    LEAF VENATION:  Pinnate
    LEAF SHAPE:     Oblong   Ovate     Oblique
    INFLORESCENCE:   Other
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Incomplete  (no petals)
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Hypogynous
    FRUIT:   DRUPE
 
 DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS:
     Bark gray or light brown, separating into large scales, inner bark reddish
     brown.  Leaves with an asymmetrical base.
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 GEOGRAPHIC COMMENTS:
     Northern range limit
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Endangered-ST
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Uncommon
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Tree
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      3         MONTH END-      4
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Perfect     Unisexual   -monoecious
 
 BIOLOGIC COMMENTS:
     Plants polygamous, with both staminate and perfect flowers on the same tree.
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     GROWTH OF SPECIES IN VARIOUS CONDITIONS:  No data entered
 
     HABITAT:   Wet
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:    No data entered
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  NO
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:   No data entered
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:    No data entered
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed.  1975.  Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.  494 pp.
Jones, G. N.  1963.  Flora of Illinois.  Third ed.  American Midland Naturalist
     Monograph 7.  University of Notre Dame, Indiana.  401 pp.
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist.  1963.  Manual of vascular plants of north-
     eastern United States and adjacent Canada.  Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
     New York.  810 pp.
Fernald, M. L.  1950.  Gray's manual of botany.  8th ed.  American Book Co.,
     New York.  1632 pp.
Mohlenbrock, R. H.  1967-continuing.  The illustrated flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
Eyre, F. H., ed.  1980.  Forest cover types of the United States and Canada.
     Society of American Foresters (SAF), Washington, D.C., 148 pp.
Schwegman, J. E., G. D. Fell, M. Hutchison, G. Paulson, W. M. Shepherd, and
     J. White.  1973.  Comprehensive plan for the Illinois Nature Preserves
     System.  Part 2 - The Natural Divisions of Illinois.  Illinois Nature
     Preserves Commission, Springfield.  32 pp., plus map.
Miller, R. B., and L. R. Tehon.  1929.  The native and naturalized trees of
     Illinois.  Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin 18: 1-340.
Mohlenbrock, R. H.  1980.  Forest trees of Illinois.  Third ed.  Illinois
     Department of Conservation, Division of Forestry, Springfield.  331 pp.
Downton, W. J. S.  1975.  The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants.
     Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Planera aquatica
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015